Spinoza, Baruch

Spinoza, Baruch
(24 nov. 1632, Amsterdam–21 feb. 1677, La Haya).

Filósofo judío holandés, uno de los máximos exponentes del racionalismo del s. XVII. Su padre y abuelo habían escapado de la persecución de la Inquisición en Portugal. Su temprano interés por las nuevas ideas científicas y filosóficas le valió la expulsión de la sinagoga en 1656, y de ahí en adelante se ganó la vida como pulidor y limador de lentes. Su filosofía representa un desarrollo del pensamiento de René Descartes y, al mismo tiempo, una reacción frente a este; muchas de sus más sorprendentes doctrinas son soluciones de dificultades creadas por el cartesianismo. Tres aspectos de la metafísica cartesiana le parecían insatisfactorios: la trascendencia de Dios, el dualismo mente-cuerpo y la atribución del libre albedrío a Dios y a los seres humanos. Para Spinoza, tales doctrinas hacían ininteligible el mundo, pues era imposible explicar la relación entre Dios y el mundo o entre la mente y el cuerpo, o dar cuenta de los acontecimientos ocasionados por el libre albedrío. En su obra maestra, Ética (1677), construyó un sistema monista de metafísica y lo presentó de manera deductiva, siguiendo el modelo de los Elementos de Euclides. Se le ofreció la cátedra de filosofía en la Universidad de Heidelberg pero la rechazó, con el fin de conservar su independencia. Sus otras obras importantes son el (1670) Tratado teológico-político y el Tratado político que dejó inconcluso.

Enciclopedia Universal. 2012.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Mira otros diccionarios:

  • SPINOZA, BARUCH (Bento, Benedictus) DE — (1632–1677), philosopher born in Amsterdam of Portuguese background, who became one of the most important representatives of the rationalist movement in the early modern period. Introduction In the Jewish and National Library in Jerusalem,… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Spinoza, Baruch — (1632 77)    by Kenneth Surin   In the last few decades the writings of Louis Althusser, Etienne Balibar, Pierre Macherey, Antonio Negri, Deleuze and others, have marked a resurgence of interest in the thought of Baruch Spinoza, in which Spinoza… …   The Deleuze dictionary

  • Spinoza, Baruch — (1632 77)    by Kenneth Surin   In the last few decades the writings of Louis Althusser, Etienne Balibar, Pierre Macherey, Antonio Negri, Deleuze and others, have marked a resurgence of interest in the thought of Baruch Spinoza, in which Spinoza… …   The Deleuze dictionary

  • Spinoza, Baruch — (1632 1677)    Also known as Benedictus de Spinoza, Bento de Espinosa, and Bento d Espinosa. An influential Dutch philosopher of Portuguese Jewish descent. In a letter dating from 1664 to his friend Pieter Balling (d. 1669), Spinoza gave an… …   Dictionary of Hallucinations

  • Spinoza,Baruch — Spi·no·za (spĭ nōʹzə), Baruch or Benedict 1632 1677. Dutch philosopher and theologian whose controversial pantheistic doctrine advocated an intellectual love of God. His best known work is Ethics (1677). * * * …   Universalium

  • Spinoza, Baruch (Benedict) De — (1632–77)    Dutch philosopher. Only the bare facts are known of the life of one of the greatest philosophers and intel lects of all time, for he deliberately omitted his personality from his work. His father and grandfather were Marranos who… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Spinoza, Baruch / Benedict — (1632 77)    Together with Descartes and Leibniz, Spinoza was one of the great rationalists of the early modern period. A grinder of lenses by profession, he was ethnically Jewish, but was expelled from his synagogue in Amsterdam for heresy (he… …   Christian Philosophy

  • SPINOZA, Baruch (Benedictus de) — (1632–1677)    Philosopher. Spinoza was the son of a wealthy Portuguese Jewish merchant in Amsterdam. In 1656, he was banned from the synagogue because of his unorthodox ideas. From 1660 until 1667, he lived in the village of Rijnsburg near… …   Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands

  • Spinoza, Baruch de —  (1632–1677) Dutch philosopher …   Bryson’s dictionary for writers and editors

  • SPINOZA, Baruch (or Benedict) — (1632 1677)    Dutch materialist philosopher who was EXCOMMUNICATED for his free thought by the JEWISH community of Amsterdam. He believed that mastery over NATURE and the perfection of man was the purpose of knowledge. And considered DEMOCRATIC… …   Concise dictionary of Religion

Compartir el artículo y extractos

Link directo
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”